Feline upper respiratory tract infections typically are caused by a combination of highly contagious viral and bacterial pathogens. Also called feline viral respiratory disease complex, feline influenza or simply “cat flu,” these infections are among the most common medical disorders faced by owners of domestic cats. They can become quite serious, even to the point of fatality. Upper respiratory tract infections affect the upper airways (trachea and bronchi), which also include the throat, mouth, nose,
Upper respiratory infections in cats are mainly caused by two viruses: the feline viral rhinotracheitis(or feline herpes virus) and the feline calicivirus. While these viruses are highly contagious, only cats in certain conditions seem to be more at risk for developing these types of infections.One of the leading causes of upper respiratory infections in cats is living conditions which are overcrowded and/or unsanitary. Upper respiratory infections tend to spread rapidly through catteries, shelters, pet stores,
Regardless of the inciting cause, the symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections in cats are remarkably similar and can range from mild to very severe. The feline calicivirus tends to be associated with mild upper respiratory illness, while feline herpesviral infections are usually more servere.There normally are two distinct phases in the course of feline upper respiratory tract illness: an acute phase, followed by a chronic phase. The symptoms, and their severity, can vary greatly,
Feline upper respiratory tract infections are most commonly diagnosed based upon the cat’s history and observable symptoms. Bacterial and viral blood and tissue cultures may be used to identify the specific cause of an upper respiratory infection.Cats with upper respiratory tract infections display classic clinical signs, regardless of the underlying cause of the disorder. Most veterinarians are well-acquainted with these symptoms, and they often are able to diagnose a respiratory tract infection based only upon
Treatment of upper respiratory tract infections in cats typically involves well-managed supportive care and possibly administration of oral medications. The goals of therapy are to control secondary bacterial infections, maintain the cat’s weight and hydration and keep the cat as comfortable – for as long - as possible.Cats with upper respiratory tract infections should be isolated from other cats for at least three to four weeks, to prevent contagion. All bowls, bedding, crates, toys and